Assess the Contribution of Functionalist Sociologist to...

Assess the contribution of functionalist sociologist to our understanding of the family Functionalists believe that society is based on a value consensus into which society socialises its members, which enables to cooperate harmoniously and meet society’s needs and goals. Functionalist’s sees that society is made up of a range of different sub-systems which depend on each other, and that society needs these functions or order for survival and is vital towards society. Functionalists see the family as a very important sub-system, as it raises and teaches children norms and values. According to Peter Murdock, he argues that the family performs four main functions to meet the needs of society and the members of society. One of the†¦show more content†¦These needs depend on the type of society it is found, there are two types, which are pre-industrial and post-industrial, he believes that there are two types due to the change that has happened and the change that has occurred in society. In the post-industrial society, it has two basic needs. Firstly, it has to be geographically mobile as there are constant increases in some aspects of society and declining in another, this means that people would move where work was available as there wa s no other way to gain money and provide for their families and themselves. Secondly, there was the need for a socially mobile workforce, this was one of the main factors for the change in family diversity, due to some families moving and some staying due to more work being available, this caused a change in family types, the main two types were nuclear families and some were living in extended families due to owning farms and factories. Young and Willmott argue that extended family was not the dominant family type before the industrial revolution, as they argue that the nuclear family was on the rise due to better living standards, housing and the change in the position of women. These functionalist sociologist views are criticised by the Marxist perspective, they believe that the family benefits the ruling class in aShow MoreRelatedAssess the contribution of feminist sociologists to an understanding of family roles and relationships.1353 Words   |  6 PagesAssess the contribution of feminist sociologists to an understanding of family roles and relationships. In this essay I will explore the different schools of feminism such as Marxist, liberal and radical feminism, who share the view that women are oppressed in a patriarchal society but differ in opinion on who benefits from the inequalities. Each school of feminism has their own understanding of family roles and relationships which I will assess through this essay. Firstly one must look at theRead MoreSociology5053 Words   |  21 PagesPossible sociology questions January 2012 Item 2A Sociologists analyse the domestic division of labour in many different ways. Parsons describes the division of labour in the traditional nuclear family in terms of an expressive role and an instrumental role. However, this traditional arrangement may have changed as families have changed, and many feminists use the term ‘dual burden’ to describe the woman’s role in the family today. Item 2B Government policies and laws include tax and benefitRead MoreScly1 Past Papers7036 Words   |  29 PagesSCLY1 (Old Specification) Past Exam Questions Although June 2016 will be a new specification and exam structure much of the material you have learnt in families and households applies to the new exam. Below are examples of questions taken from the old exam papers that you should practice writing plans for as they are still relevant. However there are a few key differences: * The question you will answer will be worth 20 marks not 24 marks. * You will have 30 minutes to write a 20 mark answerRead MoreUsing Material from Item a and Elsewhere Assess the Contribution of Functionalism to Our Understanding of the Role of Education.1422 Words   |  6 PagesUsing material from item A and elsewhere assess the contribution of functionalism to our understanding of the role of education. Functionalism is based on the view that society is a system of interdependent parts held together by a shared culture or value consensus (agreement) amongst individuals as to what values or norms are important in society. Therefore they take a positive view of the education system. As item A suggests they see it as a form of secondary socialism essential to maintainingRead MoreSocial Structure And Human Social Life2332 Words   |  10 PagesDeveloping socialisation abilities, academic knowledge, job skills and cultural understanding is the aim of contemporary comprehensive curriculum in almost all countries in the world. Yet, education sphere is not without flaws, many sociologists are in debates trying to resolve issues of alienation, class conflict, gender and ethnicity as well as improve vocationalism and lifelong learning practices. In education, Functionalists put an emphasis on interdependence and integration. Interdependence is explainedRead Morecrime and deviance4817 Words   |  20 Pagesï » ¿ SCLY4 Crime and Deviance with Theories Methods Past Papers Use the following past papers to practise your exam writing techniques and aid your revision. Make sure you look at the mark scheme for each question to assess your answer. Also check the ‘model answers’ from students to see where good AO1 and AO2 marks were scored. Crime and Deviance Different theories of crime, deviance, social order and social control. The social distribution of crime and deviance by ageRead MoreDurkheim Deviance1938 Words   |  8 PagesAssignment Question: Assess Durkheim’s contribution to our understanding of suicide. This essay will explore the sociological contributions provided by functionalist Emile Durkheim, the ideas he posited and the criticisms both internal and external that were prompted by his theory of suicide. Suicide is undeniably one of the most personal actions an individual can take upon oneself and yet it has a deep social impact. Could this be because social relationships play such an important role in itsRead MoreSociology Essay20437 Words   |  82 PagesCrown copyright  © material is reproduced under Class Licence No. CO1 W 0000195 with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen’s Printer for Scotland; Guardian News and Media Ltd for extracts from Ros Taylor, ‘Classes in non-traditional family life proposed by government’, The Guardian, 12.05.00. Copyright  © Guardian News Media Ltd 2000; Will Woodward, ‘Testing †¦ testing †¦ testing’, The Guardian 20.05.00. Copyright  © Guardian News Media Ltd 2000; ‘Adoption boost for gay couples’Read Morebullet theory7360 Words   |  30 Pagesthe 1950s or rap in the 2000s, reports Media Know All, amp;ldquo;for fear that they will watch or read sexual or violent behavior[s] and will then act them out themselves. Reception theory Reception theory provides a means of understanding media texts by understanding how these texts are read by audiences. Theorists who analyze media through reception studies are concerned with the experience of cinema and television viewing for spectators, and how meaning is created through that experience. AnRead MoreSociology and Suicide3277 Words   |  14 Pages‘’How has Sociology contributed to our understanding of ‘Suicide’†? Introduction The essay will attempt to evaluate and assess how the various theoretical perspectives within sociology have contributed to our understanding of the deviant, individual act of ‘suicide’. This will be achieved by defining and evaluating ‘functionalism’, a ‘macro perspective’ and the application of this functionalistic approach formulated by Emile Durkheim, to the social phenomenon of ‘suicide’. Criticisms in relation

Human Embryonic Stem Cells Free Essays

Human embryonic stem (hES) cells have the unique capability of differentiating into all cell types, leading to the development of an entire organism. As the integrity of ES cells is critical for the developing embryo, these cells have likely evolved mechanisms that detect and respond rapidly to adverse stimuli. Indeed, hES cells have been shown to be highly sensitive to DNA damage, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this rapid death remain unclear. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Embryonic Stem Cells or any similar topic only for you Order Now Caspases are critical mediators of apoptosis in mammalian cells, and a key protein that controls their activation is Bax, a proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family. While the main components of the apoptotic pathway have been identified, exactly how this pathway is regulated in various primary cells remains unclear. Here, we examined the apoptotic pathway in hES cells and report a unique mechanism engaged by hES cells that can prime them to undergo rapid apoptosis inresponse to genotoxic damage.To visualize GFP-tagged Bax, 3-day colonies of hES cells were transfected with 2 mg of hBaxC3-EGFP (Addgene) with FuGENE HD transfection reagent. The process of introducing nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells by nonviral methods is defined as transfection. Using various chemical, lipid or physical methods, this gene transfer technology is a powerful tool to study gene function and protein expression in the context of a cell. Development of reporter gene systems and selection methods for stable maintenance and expression of transferred DNA have greatly expanded the applications for transfection. Assay-based reporter technology, together with the availability of transfection reagents, provides the foundation to study mammalian promoter and enhancer sequences, trans-acting proteins such as transcription factors, mRNA processing, protein:protein interactions, translation and recombination events (Groskreutz and Schenborn, 1997). Transfection is a method that neutralizes or obviates the issue of introducing negatively charged molecules (e.g., phosphate backbones of DNA and RNA) into cells with a negatively charged membrane. Chemicals like calcium phosphate and DEAE-dextran or cationic lipid-based reagents coat the DNA, neutralizing or even creating an overall positive charge to the molecule. This makes it easier for the DNA:transfection reagent complex to cross the membrane, especially for lipids that have a â€Å"fusogenic† component, which enhances fusion with the lipid bilayer. Physical methods like microinjection or electroporation simply punch through the membrane and introduce DNA directly into the cytoplasm. Here we describe the striking observation that healthy undifferentiated hES cells maintain Bax in its preactivated state at the Golgi. This is in contrast to other cell types in which Bax is typically present in an inactive form in the cytosol. Our results also highlight the fact that the apoptotic machinery undergoes dynamic changes even at early stages of differentiation.While undifferentiated hES cells have constitutively active Bax and undergo rapid apoptosis in response to DNA damage, just 2 days of differentiation induced significant changes suchthat Bax was no longer active, and the cells were no longer highly sensitive to DNA damage. This could be manifested with even greater complexity in vivo as cells during early embryogenesis undergo rapid proliferation and differentiation. How to cite Human Embryonic Stem Cells, Papers

Bank Deposit Schemes free essay sample

These accounts are opened for saving purpose only. Some fixed amount is deposited at monthly intervals for a pre-fixed term. These accounts generally earn higher interest than Savings Bank Accounts. View salient features of Recurring Deposit accounts in banks. * Fixed Deposit or Term Deposit Accounts: These accounts are opened for investing funds for fixed terms to earn higher interests. Usually deposit for a longer period of time earns higher Interest Rate. The account holders have option of getting periodic payment of interest at monthly/quarterly intervals or re-investing the interest to be paid on maturity with the principal. View salient features of Term / Fixed Deposit Accounts in banks. * Special Bank Term Deposit Scheme Bank Deposit Scheme under section 80C: This is the only Tax Saving Scheme available with banks. The accounts opened under this scheme are eligible for relief under Section 80C of the Income Tax, Act. View salient features of Bank Deposit Scheme for tax saving. We will write a custom essay sample on Bank Deposit Schemes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Bank Deposit Schemes for Non-Resident Indians Following deposit accounts are offered by banks to Non Resident Indians: * Non-Resident External (NRE) Accounts: These Accounts can be opened by Non Resident Indians individually or jointly with other Non Resident Indian(s). The accounts can be opened in Savings Bank, Current Account, Term/Fixed Deposit with monthly/quarterly interest payment or Term/Fixed Deposit with interest reinvestment types. The account holders can grant Power of Attorney to Resident Indians to operate upon their Savings Bank or Current Accounts. The accounts are maintained in Indian Rupees. View salient features of NRE Accounts * Foreign Currency Non Resident (FCNR) Accounts: These Accounts can be opened by Non Resident Indians individually or jointly with other Non Resident Indian(s). The accounts can be opened as Term/Fixed Deposit with the option of monthly/quarterly Interest payment or of re-investing the interest for payment on maturity with the principal. The accounts are maintained in foreign currencies viz. US Dollars, Euros, Sterling Pounds, Canadian Dollars, Australian Dollars and Japanese Yen. View salient features of FCNR accounts. * Non-Resident Ordinary (NRO) Accounts: These accounts can be opened by Non Resident Indians individually or jointly with other Non Resident or Resident Indian(s). These accounts can also be opened by Resident Indians by foreign inward remittance. The accounts are maintained in Indian Rupees. View salient features of NRO Accounts.

Women And Honor Essay Analysis Example For Students

Women And Honor Essay Analysis Death foIs it glorious to die for your country?. This question has been posed to many young people about to embark on war although the answer has usually been yes in response to their country due mainly to the fact that the government instills it in the people of the country to support ones country and one way is to send young abled bodied men into the army. If you were one individual that was not in favour of fighting for your country you would surely become an outcast by the countries people. To avoid ridicule and becoming outcasted by the people living around you, you would join the army just in the thought that you were obligated to for the sole sake of your country. Such thoughts were reinforced by the government promotion of propaganda. Glorifying death is not needed to be taught and should be up to the sole individual. School systems should teach an unbiased point of view of war to enable the child to make their own decision to fight for ones country. Within the education syst em it was instructed to the teachers to teach the children at a young age during the brink of war to instill that their the life of the country and for them to defend their country against the enemy. Teachers showed being in a army was representing honour and the pride of the country. Guilt was laid on the students who showed rebellion by the teacher. Many times the teacher would try to show a soldier that looks happy and content trying to represent being a soldier makes you happy and content. We will write a custom essay on Women And Honor Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Many young inexperienced soldiers were sent to training camps near the battle fields that they would soon be sent to fight, for their country and their life. The training camps were situated on similar enviroments that resembled the battle fields of where the fighting would take place. Reinforced displine to the young and ignorant men. Trench warfare is when many soldiers of opposing countries fight against each other across a vast desolate, dirt covered land, and the only sense of cover was to crouch in a usually water logged trench. The sense of death engulfed your very soul, the conezt bombardment of shells echo in your mind long after it had ceased. On the Western front conditions were horrible to say the least, stench of death remained coneztly in the air, bodies riddled with bullet wounds lay across the bottoms of the trenches, dismembered bodies scattered across the landscape and the sounds of agonizing and dying men echo across the battle grounds. Very limited rations offering very little in flavour was the only food available to the soldiers. Often raining, it caused muddy, damp conditions. The men staying in a trench filled with water and muddy conditions often caused such diseases as trench foot and trench mouth. Contagious diseases were spread quickly. Lack of cleaniness gave many soldiers lice and rats would run through the trenches feeding on the garbage and human wastes. Thousands of soldiers would line up under the cover of their trenches for a stretch of miles and wait for the leading officer to give the signal for the charge. When the signal was given the thousands of soldiers would all try to run across the no-mans land to attempt the breach of the enemies trench. This charge would be under conezt machine gun fire and mortar shelling by the enemy. These kind of attacks usually failed maily due to the fact the odds were already stacked against the attacking party. The diezces the charging men had to run to get to the enemies trench was far enough for the enemy to use its conezt shelling and its machine gun fire to dwindle the attacking army significant enough for the attacking army to retreat. .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf , .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf .postImageUrl , .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf , .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf:hover , .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf:visited , .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf:active { border:0!important; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf:active , .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6ee751a847e7c04c34ec21f15d009ccf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Declaration Of Independence EssayCounter attacks were quickly attempted after the attacks. The counter attacks were similiar to the actual attacks except the difference was that the counter attack involved the killing of the retreating of the enemy instead of attacking someone under the cover of the trench. During the war all soldiers were affected either physically or phsycologically. Shell shock was an ongoing sickness affecting many soldiers in the trenches. The conezt bombardment of mortar shelling became so defeaning and monotonous the sounds of shelling remained with the soldier even when there was no shelling. Such cases became so severe for some the soldier would g o in fits of rage and fear at the very same ineztance. Virtually all soldiers felt homesick at one time or another. The soldiers being out on the battle fronts for a long time soon forgot the propaganda beliefs the country had instilled the soldiers, instead the soldiers just wanted to survive their tour of duty however long it would be. Death had been experienced and seen by the soldiers on the front for a long time that the themes had become relative to their daily life on the front. Coming back to their homes the soldiers had received and learned of a new perpective on war. It was that when face to face with death the political beliefs that were held were irrevalant when trying to survive in the war. Glorification of death is ridiculous unless you were being attacked and threat of death was present that would be another story but to die for a something many miles away is something that the individual must take in consideration in when making his or her decision. I personally woul d not risk death if friends and family were not at risk. Since our country has become less militarized since WWII the need for military personnel has not been as necessary. But as mentioned before if the country I lived was under a threat of takeover I believe I would take up arms to defend against the people who would try to attack. Other than that the physcological and physical damages soldiers endure would deter me from joining any army.r Your Country

Chemistry Abbreviations Starting with the Letter R

Chemistry Abbreviations Starting with the Letter R Chemistry abbreviations and acronyms are common in all fields of science. This collection offers common abbreviations and acronyms beginning with the letter R used in chemistry and chemical engineering. °R - degrees RankineR - Arginine amino acidR - Chiral center for R/S systemR - functional group or side chain of atoms variableR - ResistanceR - Ideal Gas ConstantR - ReactiveR - ReduxR - Rà ¶ntgen unitR - Rydberg ConstantR-# - Refrigerant numberRa - RadiumRA - Retinoic AcidRACHEL - Remote Acess Chemical Hazards Electronic Libraryrad - radianrad - Radiation - Absorbed DoseRad - RadioactiveRb - RubidiumRBA - Rutherford Backscattering AnalysisRBD - Refined, Bleached and DeodorizedRCS - Reactive Chemical SpeciesRDA - Recommended Daily AllowanceRDT - Recombinant DNA TechnologyRDX - cyclotrimethylenetrinitramineRDX - Research Department ExplosiveRE - Rare EarthRe - RheniumREACH - Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and restriction of Chemical substancesREE - Rare Earth ElementRef - Referencerem - Radiation Equivalent - ManREM - Rare Earth MetalREQ - RequiredRER - Respiratory Exchange RatioRF - Radio FrequencyRF - Resonance FrequencyRf - RutherfordiumRFIC - Reagent-Free Ion ChromatographyRFM - Relative Formula MassRG - Rare GasRg - RoentgeniumRH - Relative HumidityRh - RhodiumRH - Rydberg Constant for HydrogenRHE - Reversible Hydrogen ElectrodeRHIC - Relativistic Heavy Ion ColliderRHS - Right Hand SideRI - Radical InitiatorRIO - Red IronOxideRL - Reaction LevelRMM - Relative Molar MassRMS - Root Mean SquareRn - RadonRNA - RiboNucleic AcidRNS - Reactive Nitrogen SpeciesRO - Red OxideRO - Reverse OsmosisROHS - Restriction Of Hazardous SubstancesROS - Reactive Oxygen SpeciesROWPU - Reverse Osmosis Water Purification UnitRPM - Revolutions Per MinuteRPT - RepeatRSC - Royal Society of ChemistryRT - Reverse TranscriptaseRT - Room TemperatureRT - Energy (Rydberg Constant x Temperature)RTP - Room Temperature and PressureRTM - Read The ManualRTSC - Room Temperature Super ConductorRu - Ruthenium

African American History and Women Timeline 1860-1869

African American History and Women Timeline 1860-1869 [Previous] [Next] Women and African American History: 1860-1869 1860 founded in 1832 and accepting male and female, white and black students, by 1860 Oberlin College had a student population that was one-third African American 1861 Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, autobiography of Harriet Jacobs, was published, including descriptions of the sexual exploitation of female slaves Laura Towne, from Pennsylvania, went to the Sea Islands off the coast of South Carolina to teach the former slaves she ran a school in the Sea Islands until 1901, adopting several African American children with her friend and teaching partner, Ellen Murray 1862 Charlotte Forten arrived in the Sea Islands to work with Laura Towne, teaching former slaves Mary Jane Patterson, graduating from Oberlin College, was the first African American woman to graduate from an American college Congress abolished slavery in Washington, DC (July 16) Ida B. Wells (Wells-Barnett) born (muckraking journalist, lecturer, activist, anti-lynching writer and activist) (July 13-17) many New York African Americans killed in draft riots (September 22) Emancipation Proclamation issued, freeing slaves within territory controlled by the Union 1863 Fanny Kemble published Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation which opposed slavery and served as anti-slavery propaganda Memoir of Old Elizabeth a Coloured Woman published: autobiography of an African Methodist Episcopal evangelist Susie King Taylor, African American army nurse with the Union army, began writing her journal, later published as In Reminiscences of My Life in Camp: Civil War Nurse Mary Church Terrell born (activist, clubwoman) 1864 Rebecca Ann Crumple graduated from the New England Medical College, becoming the first African American woman M.D. 1865 slavery ended in the United States with the passage of the 13th Amendment to the Constitution   American Equal Rights Association  founded by  Elizabeth Cady Stanton,  Susan B. Anthony, Frederick Douglass, Lucy Stone, and others, to work for equal rights for African Americans and women the group split in 1868 over which group (women or African American men) should take priority   Charlotte Forten  published Life on the Sea Islands about her teaching experiences as an African American northerner who went south to teach former slaves sculptor  Edmonia Lewis  produced a bust of Robert Gould Shaw, who led black troops in the Civil War (March 9) Mary Murray Washington born (educator, founder of the Tuskegee Womans Club, wife of Booker T. Washington) (April 11)  Mary White Ovington  born (social worker, reformer, NAACP founder) (-1873) many women teachers, nurses, and physicians went to the South to help former slaves by founding schools and providing other services, as part of the Freedmens Bureau effort or as missionaries with religious or more secular organizations 1866 President Andrew Johnson vetoed funding for and extension of the Freedmens Bureau, but Congress overrode the veto   Old Elizabeth  died 1867 Rebecca Cole graduated from medical school, the second African American woman to do so. She went on to work with  Elizabeth Blackwell  in New York.   Edmonia Lewis  created sculpture Forever Free communicating the response of African Americans when they heard of the end of slavery (July 15)  Maggie Lena Walker  born (banker, executive) (December 23) Sarah Breedlove Walker (Madam C.J. Walker) born 1868   14th Amendment  to the US Constitition granted US citizenship to African American men for the first time explicitly defining US citizens as male. Attitudes towards the importance of this change split the American Equal Rights Association within the year. Much later, the 14th Amendment became the basis for various  equal protection  cases advocating for womens rights. Elizabeth Keckley, dressmaker and confidante of Mary Todd Lincoln, published her autobiography,  Behind the Scenes; or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House sculptor  Edmonia Lewis  produced  Hagar in the Wilderness 1869 biography  Harriet Tubman: The Moses of Her People  by Sarah Bradford published; proceeds funded a home for the elderly founded by  Harriet Tubman   National Woman Suffrage Association  founded (NWSA), with  Elizabeth Cady Stanton  as first president (November) American Woman Suffrage Association founded (AWSA), with Henry Ward Beecher as first president [Previous] [Next] [1492-1699] [1700-1799] [1800-1859] [1860-1869] [1870-1899] [1900-1919] [1910-1919] [1920-1929] [1930-1939] [1940-1949] [1950-1959] [1960-1969] [1970-1979] [1980-1989] [1990-1999] [2000-]

Information for proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Information for proposal - Essay Example Note that the question on this matter but the results will differ because something has affected the respondents' knowledge and awareness. There might be some possible changes on the answer of the respondents but there are cases that their perceptions are not affected at all. For a case study on child's rights, a survey can be done on the spot with the kids. This serves as the pre-test. Later on, after letting them watch a video clipping about child's rights, a post-test survey can be done to determine if their awareness has been changed. Non- equivalent comparison this simply refers to the data obtained from different period or time interval without the specific limits or lapses. The data can be obtained whether in a three-year, four- year or five- year intervals instead of taking it in a specific 100-year interval. Time series analysis is the comparison of data represented in a time series. It includes almost all classes of statistical approaches and problems: data description, hypothesis testing , parameter estimation , regression , etc. The practical importance of time series analysis stems from the fact that time series data - economic, social, sport, physical, etc. - are quite common. Experimental is a kind ... This serves as the pre-test. Later on, after letting them watch a video clipping about child's rights, a post-test survey can be done to determine if their awareness has been changed. Time series data are measurements of a variable taken at regular intervals over time. Time series are represented as sequences of values like x(1), x(2), ... . The time line of invention and innovation for modern transport may be as follows: Stage coach Train Car Plane Rocket Space ship ____________________________________________________ 1800 1900 2000 Non- equivalent comparison this simply refers to the data obtained from different period or time interval without the specific limits or lapses. The data can be obtained whether in a three-year, four- year or five- year intervals instead of taking it in a specific 100-year interval. Time series analysis is the comparison of data represented in a time series. It includes almost all classes of statistical approaches and problems: data description, hypothesis testing , parameter estimation , regression , etc. The practical importance of time series analysis stems from the fact that time series data - economic, social, sport, physical, etc. - are quite common. Experimental is a kind of research design conducted to answer questions about causes and effects. The basic requirements are; a) random assignment, b) treatment and no-treatment groups, c) observations after the treatment. The following notations are used in describing the different experimental designs: X=stands for an experimental treatment, or an independent variable or a cause O=stands for observation, or a dependent variable, or an effect R=means that the respondents have been randomly assigned to the different treatment or non-

Budget analysis assignment Ctiy of Lebanon Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Budget analysis Ctiy of Lebanon - Assignment Example The process of managing the financial statements includes the design, implementation, and the maintenance of the internal control that has relevance during preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements. The financial statements need to be free from any material mistreatment, irrespective of error or fraud. In June 30, 2014, the total net position of the Lebanon City did amount to $44,799,068. Pert of this amount, $27,614,924 was subject to invest in the capital assets, which was net of the related debt. The remaining balance that was including of $9,449,690 was subject to restrict for various purposes, and the remaining $7,734,454 was of the unrestricted net position. The basic financial statement of the Lebanon City comprises three components. These are government-wide financial statements, the fund financial statements, and notes to the financial statements. The government-wide financial statements are with the design of providing readers with the broad overview of the City’s finances through a manner that is similar to the private-sector business. The over time increase or the decreases in the net position may be useful tools for indicating whether the City’s financial position is on the improving or the deteriorating track. The business-type of activities that the City engages in may include water, sewer, and the storm drainage services. The fund financial statements are with the design of demonstrating the compliance with the related finance legal requirements while overseeing the use of fund accounting. All of the funds of the Lebanon City can be subject to divide to three categories, namely the governmental funds, property fu nds, and the fiduciary funds. Just as earlier mentioned, the net position may be helpful at serving over time as being the useful indicator when it comes to the City’s financial position. The total assets of the

Elephantiasis Disorder Essay Example for Free

Elephantiasis Disorder Essay Elephantiasis is usually caused by obstructions in the lymphatic system. It causes a swelling in the skin and tissues, generally in the lower trunk and the legs. It is most likely seen in the legs and genitals, causing baggy, thick and ulcerated skin, accompanied by fever and chills. Limbs can swell so much that they will resemble an elephants front leg in size, texture and even color. Elephantiasis has two main forms. Lymphatic filariasis is the most common form, caused by a parasitic disease just from a bite from a little infected mosquito. This form of Elephantiasis is caused by a parasite, most commonly called roundworms. The parasite blocks the lymphatic vessels, inhibiting their ability to drain the affected area. This disease can be very painful and will most likely impact the individual’s ability to lead a normal life. A severe case can block blood vessels, which will limit the blood flow to the skin causing inflammation and possible gangrenous. Elephantiasis is recognized as the second leading cause of disability worldwide because of its physical and psychological impact to the affected individual. An economic burden is also a huge issue, although treatments are available, those who are affected are usually from the poor community so they cannot afford the drugs to help cure them. The physical impact is very obvious to the infected because of the edema. It makes it very difficult for them to move around to do their daily activities. Most will have thickening skin and a very strong body odor. Because of these symptoms they usually are unemployed making life a struggle for money. Elephantiasis is known to be a disease of poverty because it is endemic to poor tropical countries. It is a public health and socio-economic problem worldwide. It affects 120 million people in over 80 countries. The disease is prevalent in urban and rural areas affecting people of all ages and sexes.

The Friendly Friar :: essays research papers

The Friendly Friar   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the drama Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare, Friar Lawrence is a kind, knowledgeable, peacekeeping, and wise character. He also acts as a foil to the Montaques, Capulets, and the nurse. He is a priest to both the Montaque and Capulet houses. He is a well-liked person in the town of Verona. The Friar is a positive figure in the community and serves as a good role model for the children of Verona.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Friar Lawrence is wise, educated kind, and peace loving. When Romeo comes to tell Friar Lawrence about his engagement the Friar offers many wise pieces of advice. Such as when he says that young men's love lies in their eyes he means for Romeo to make sure he loves Juliet for who she is and not how she looks. He also tells Romeo that women may fall when there is no strength in men. This means that if he is not stable and constant Juliet may become inconstant herself. His knowledge of Greek mythology and his great understanding of plants show Friar Lawrence's high level of education. When he is collecting plants in the beginning of scene three he speaks of the Greek god Titan. His reference to Titan shows he has had some background in mythology. Friar Lawrence also has a vast knowledge of plants and flowers. Friar Lawrence grows a magnificent garden which he tends to during the time in which he is not fulfilling his church duties. He speaks to Romeo about a plant t hat can be used for healing or as poison. This discussion leads into a speech by Friar Lawrence about people having a good side and a bad side like the flower he spoke of. This suggests that he has a background in philosophy. The friar is also very kind and peace loving. He is speaks to Romeo as if they are best friends and Romeo seems to really enjoy being around the friar. They laugh, joke, and discuss Romeo's love life showing that Romeo is very comfortable around the friar. The friar is an all-around good guy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the drama Friar Lawrence acts as a foil to both the Capulets and the Montaques. The two houses show no signs of attempting to make peace with one another they don't even seem to really know what their feud is about. Friar Lawrence states that he hopes the marriage of Romeo and Juliet will bring an end to their quarrel.

Hard Times as a Moral Fable Essay

The creative part is the fairy tale which often involves animals rather than humans. It speaks to our hearts as it entertains us; the ending is the logical, moral conclusion that satisfies our logical brains and seems â€Å"right†. The problem with all moral fables is that there are often 2 sides to the same story †¦ things are rarely so black and white in reality †¦ so there could be more than one ending †¦ e. g. here are times when speed is necessary over steadiness – of course, there also has to be good judgement. Although it is not appropriate to describe a work of art, which Hard Times undoubtedly is, as a moral fable or a morality play, yet the fact remains that there is a strong moral intention behind this novel. Hard Times is a satirical attack on some of the evils and vices of Victorian society. Satire has always corrective purpose and is therefore basically moral in its approach to the subjects it deals with. Apart from that, there are passages of direct moralising in this novel. Hard Times is a novel which from the moment of its publication aroused very different sentiments in the reading public. Dickens’s reasons for writing Hard Times were mostly monetary. Sales of his weekly periodical, Household Words, were low, and he hoped the inclusion of this novel in instalments would increase sales. Since publication it has received a mixed response from a diverse range of critics, such as F. R.  Leavis, George Bernard Shaw, and Thomas Macaulay, mainly focusing on Dickens’s treatment of trade unions and his post-Industrial Revolution pessimism regarding the divide between Capitalist mill owners and undervalued workers during the Victorian era The novel was written as a weekly serial story to run through five months of his magazine, Household Words, during 1854. Sales were highly responsive and encouraging for Dickens who remarked that he was â€Å"Three parts mad, and the fourt h delirious, with perpetual rushing at Hard Times†. Dickens had to force his story to fit the exigencies of a Procrustean bed and, in doing so, sacrificed the abundance of life characteristic of his genius. That, at any rate, was the general view of Hard Times until in 1948 F. R. Leavis, in his book The Great Tradition, suggested that it was a ‘moral fable,’ the hallmark of a moral fable being that ‘the intention is peculiarly insistent, so that the representative significance of everything in the fable – character, episode, and so on – is immediately apparent as we read. By seeing it as a moral fable, Dr. Leavis produced a brilliant rereading of Hard Times that has changed almost every critic’s approach to the novel. Yet a difficulty still remains: the nature of the target of Dickens’ satire. Both Gradgrind and Bounderby are emblematic, to the point of caricature, of representative early-nineteenth-century attitudes. Dickens tells us that Gradgrind has ‘an unbending, utilitarian, matter-of-fact face’; and the novel has been taken as an attack on the philosophical doctrine known as utilitarianism, the doctrine that the greatest happiness of the greatest number should be the guiding principle of conduct But utilitarianism can also mean the doctrine that utility must be the standard of what is good for man. Perhaps the two meanings come together in the famous Victorian phrase, ‘enlightened self-interest,’ the meaning of which will turn entirely upon the definition of ‘enlightened. Utilitarianism in the philosophical sense, as taught by the noble-minded John Stuart Mill, has had a profound and abiding influence on Western life and thought, and Dickens was certainly not competent to criticise it as a philosophical system. But if he was no philosopher, nor even a trained mind, he was something as valuable: ‘an astonishing diagnostician of life,’ as D. H. Lawrence has been called. ‘His sensitive nose could smell death a mile away. ‘ And it is precisely those elements of nineteenth-century economic thinking that denied life which he is attacking in Hard Times. He is, in other words, continuing his attack on what may be called the statistical conception of man, on human relations evaluated in terms of arithmetic, on what Thomas Carlyle called the ‘cash nexus’ that he had launched at the beginning of his career in Oliver Twist. There he had traced its consequences in official attitudes towards poverty and in the working of the New Poor Law In order to give a concrete shape to his moral purpose, dickens in this novel uses the characters here as symbols. Almost every character in this novel is an embodiment of a certain idea or concept or principle, good or bad. In fact, there are two groups of symbolic characters: one group symbolizing certain objectionable features of Victorian life, and the other group symbolizing certain moral qualities, of which we heartily approve. These two groups of characters, symbolizing opposite principle, are confronted with each other and it is this confrontation that constitutes the focus of interest in the novel. The characters here are therefore like the ‘dramatis personae’ in a morality play; there is an allegorical intention behind the character-portrayal. However, this novel is different from a moral fable or morality play in one striking respect. While the characters in amoral fable or a morality play are purely embodiments of certain qualities, good or bad; in this novel the characters, in addition to their function as symbols of certain good or bad qualities, are also individuals in their own right. Each character here is made to live as a separate individual, sharply distinguished from the other; yet their symbolic roles cannot be questioned. Coketown itself is treated as a symbol in the novel. This industrial town represents the industrial ugliness, industrial callousness, the mechanical and monotonous life which the workmen or the â€Å"hands† are compelled to lead under a system governed by utilitarianism and laissez faire. All the passages which describe this town or its people are written in an ironical vein and have an obvious moral purpose. In the main, however, the best writing in Hard Times is a result of this tour-guide mentality, as his wonder, horror and awe lead to vivid evocations of the landscape. Many critics have made the link between Coketown and a kind of Dantesque Inferno, and his vision of industrial society is â€Å"full of horror, but possessing also a weird beauty†. The key to the weird beauty latent in the horror are the ‘melancholy mad elephants’ of machinery – Dickens was as fascinated by industry as he was repulsed by it. The industrial artefacts of Coketown are endowed with all the life drained from its inhabitants, the dehumanised ‘hands’. Like Marx, Dickens could see an â€Å"inverted world characterised by the personification of things† and as a result the inanimate objects of Coketown abound with vitality, while the people within it are cogs in a machine, â€Å"people equally like one another, who all went in and out at the same hours, with the same sound upon the same pavements, to do the same work, and to whom everyday was the same as yesterday and tomorrow, and every year the counterpart of the last and the next† . Treating the factory as a living thing leads to mental links being forged between the ever coiling â€Å"interminable serpents of smoke† and the smokescreens that people use to hide themselves from the world, or indeed the world from them, most notably Gradgrinds inability to see past his system, and Bounderby’s deliberate hiding of his past. There are also links made between the fire in the â€Å"fairy palaces† and the fire of human passion, and aptly it is the mechanical Louisa who notices this, most likely fascinated at how a non-living thing has more life than she does – â€Å"There seems to be nothing but languid and monotonous smoke. Yet when the night comes, Fire bursts out, father! † [I, xv]. Not only is this reversal of death and life hellish, but these descriptions of zombie workers in a living factory are written in a prophetic style which almost invites one to place an ‘Abandon hope all ye who enter here! sign on the factory gates. All of the images of smoke, ashes, and fire â€Å"suggest that death is ever-present in the hell of Coketown†, as does the reference to the black ladder so often in use in the working class quarters [I, x]. Michael Wheeler points to the significance of Biblical imagery in the text, stating that the New Testament is the â€Å"yardstick by its modern usurpers are measured and found wanting†, and that this is the ultimate condemnation that Dickens can heap upon it. However, I cannot help but feel that passages proclaiming that â€Å"all those subtle essences of humanity which will elude the utmost cunning of algebra until the last trumpet ever to be sounded will blow even algebra to wreck† , while suggesting that Gradgrindery and the interlocking forces of industry are to be judged and condemned, they also make it clear that they will be left well enough alone until the Judgement Day. Coketown is painted as a hell on earth, consuming the lifeblood of its inhabitants, and the fact that it itself will be destroyed in the end is of monumental insignificance for the countless generations who will have to toil there until then. On the other hand The Circus is represented as a symbol of â€Å"Humanity† as Well as Art. The circus is very important as a sybol in the scheme of this moral fable. The circus people symbolize not only art but also humanity: they are embodiments of those simple virtues of sympathy and helpfulness to others for which gradgrind’s philosophy has no use and Bounderby’s hardened heart, no room. There is a remarkable gentleness about these people, a special inaptitude for any kind of sharp practice, and an untiring readiness to help and pity one another. The moral of this novel as a whole is put by dickens in the mouth of Mr. Sleary of the circus. After giving an account of the death of siss’s father to gradgrind, Mr. Sleary comes to the conclusion that there is a kind of love in the world which is not self-interest afterall, but something very different, and that this love has a way of its own of calculating or not calculating. This is the supreme message which the novel has for us. In these few words we find a condemnation of all that Gradgrind, Bounderby, and Mrs. Sparsit symbolize, and an acceptance and approval of what Stephen and Rachel, Sissy, and Mr. Sleary himself, symbolize. There are, thus, strong grounds for calling this novel a Moral fable or a morality play with the characters functioning partly as individuals but chiefly as symbols. Finally, there are passages of direct moralizing which lend to the novel the character of a novel fable or morality play. At one point, for instance, dickens warns the â€Å"commissioners of fact† and the utilitarian economists that if they do not attend to the instincts and emotions of the poor people, reality will take a wolfish turn and make an end of everything. At another point Dickens offers an ironic commentary, with an obvious moral, upon the effects of Gradgrind’s system of education on Bitzer’s outlook. And then, of course, there is a plain and straightforward maoralizing in the final chapter when the author comments upon the ultimate fate of each of the characters.

Psychopharmacology Paper Essay

The study of psychopharmacology delves into the alterations in human thinking, mood, and behavior as result of inducing drugs – how psychoactive substances are employed by people to change their moods.   The field involves research and study into the effects of numerous kinds and types of substances, and how it would impact on the psychological behavior of the individual.    Not merely elaborating the ramifications of the use of recreational drugs, the study can be a particularly helpful mechanism in determining how certain drugs can alleviate psychological diseases, like mental disorder.   The substances’ psychoactive relation with brain response and the bio-chemical implications are part and parcel of psychopharmacology.   The psychoactive drugs can be obtained from a wide range of sources, natural and synthetic. These substances interact with the nervous system, and would elicit behavioral and psychological alterations in an individual.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The positive aspects of psychopharmacology are mainly its positive clinical effects that allow people with mental disabilities to lead lives that are normal – through the help of drugs like anti-depressants and anti-anxiety.   Also, it allows psychologists to investigate a wide range of behavior-altering substances that can be utilized for clinical purposes that can help countless patients.   Since psychopharmacology would extensively analyze drug effects, then it can suitably identify which substances can be utilized for public use and cure mental and psychological patients. It is an important aspect of mental health that allows for research and development of the field.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Conversely, the study has also several identified drawbacks, like the ramifications of drug testing which ultimately would involve humans.   Human testing can have unforeseen implications which can prove to be detrimental to the mental health of the test subject.   A certain drug to be able to be consumed in the market has to go through a tedious process of research and approval by the government, to ensure public safety of the drug use. References Brain, Christine. (2002). Advanced Psychology: Applications, Issues and Perspectives. United Kingdom: Nelson Thornes. Meyer, Jerrold, and Linda Quenzer. (2004). Psychopharmacology: Drugs, The Brain and Behavior. United States: Sinauer Associates. Nemeroff, Charles, and Alan Schatzberg. Eds. (2006). Essentials of Clinical Psychopharmacology. United States: American Psychiatric Publishing.

Abraham Isaac Essay Example

Abraham Isaac Essay Example Abraham Isaac Essay Abraham Isaac Essay In this classical piece of art. there is a connexion with the scriptural narrative of Abraham staying to God’s bid. Abraham is commanded to give his one and merely boy. Take your boy. your lone boy Isaac. whom you love. and travel to the land of Moriah. and offer him at that place as a burnt-offering on one of the mountains that I shall demo you. ( Genesis 22:1-2 ) And so the image depicts the last minutes of Abraham and his boy. where Abraham is about to do the greatest forfeit ; hence. God sends down an Angel to halt him and bless him afterwards for demoing great religion. Because you have done this. and have non withheld your boy. your lone boy. I will so bless you. and I will do your offspring every bit legion as the stars of Eden and as the sand that is on the seashore†¦ said the Lord ( Genesis 22:15 ) By analysing the picture. we can separate the characters and find the scene. harmonising with the narrative of Abraham giving Isaac. First. there are three of import characters in the picture that are drawn in great item. The first character we can place is Abraham who is in the centre of the image. where all the action is go oning. We can state that Abraham is the 1 who is keeping the knife in his dominant manus ready to do forfeit. with Isaac on the tabular array. The chief character Abraham. is have oning bright colourss of ruddy and violet. known to be royal colourss and revered. Abraham is besides clothed to the full from top to bottom demoing small tegument. The Angel in the background is have oning a bright white garment clothed from top to bottom. We can state that the Angel is reding Abraham because Abraham’s attending is towards this Angel. We know this is an angel who came down from heaven because of the white wings on its dorsum and how it is levitating from the land. And know that Isaac is on the tabular array because of how immature he looks and small he is clothed. I besides identified how guiltless they are by detecting the tegument tone in each character. Abraham is the darkest because of his life experience and approach of old age. the Angel has a mild tone after Abraham. and so there is Isaac who is palest of them all. I besides interpreted their degree of adulthood by the colour of their hair. Abraham being the oldest holding white hair. the Angel holding mild brown hair. and Isaac being the youngest with healthy dark. black hair. Looking at the place of the characters we can besides picture the hierarchy degrees in each character. Angel remains on the highest land. so Abraham. and so Isaac. I find it peculiarly interesting to happen the lamb being on higher evidences than Isaac. this could be to demo the importance of this animate being that is chosen to be sacrificed for God. Before Abraham is to do his forfeit. he kneels before the wooden communion table remaining close to his boy. We can pick up senses that the male parent has a loving relationship for his boy. There are besides emotions in these characters. Abraham exhibits unhappiness and concern in his facial look. Isaac has a helpless. sad look. where he knows his terminal will come by his ain father’s custodies. What I find diverting the most is that in this picture. Isaac may hold knew he was traveling to be the sacrificial lamb. I believe Isaac knew from the point when he asked his male parent where the lamb for burnt-offering was. I conclude that he knew of this because the manner he is tied up. Isaac is non tied up by the pess. nor is his custodies tied to the tabular array. If Isaac truly wanted to run off he could’ve easy done so. Alternatively Isaac accepted the fact that he was traveling to be sacrificed and so he did non fight. Next. the scenery helps us place the scene of the scriptural history on Abraham giving Isaac. The image background clearly identifies that the giving takes topographic point in a mountain. In the background there is big land below their lift observing how high this is taking topographic point. With the inside informations in the image we can state that the scene took topographic point in a dark fly-by-night country. This image besides exhibits the clip of season. around the clip of autumn because there are losing foliages on the subdivisions. On the right underside corner there is moss turning on stones. and moss merely grows in moist and fly-by-night countries. With the inside informations of the moss and dark colourss we can acquire a sense of dark ambiance of something is non right in the image. The location of the Sun and the angle of the shadow on the land below do non match with each other. The country where it’s brightest above the Angel’s finger can really stand for God or the Heavens above. The Sun should be more towards our left in forepart of the characters where the light radiances on the tree and the characters. Besides the subdivisions and the angle of this picture show that it is indicating to the West. I can merely reason that the ground to indicating to the West has to make something with the Sun lifting in the West and puting in the East. Even the Angel and the lamb are looking to the West while Abraham and Isaac is the lone 1 in the image looking to the East. In decision. I can theorize from the inside informations in the picture that it interprets the scriptural text of the Lord proving Abraham to give his ain boy. This painting exhibits a subject of fright. Abraham fears the Lord and so he chooses to prosecute God’s bid by free will. Isaac shows fear in his facial look but does non fight for his life.

Business Economics for Sustainable Living

Sustainability has some main pillars or rather aspects and these aspects were identified in the year 2005 during the world summit on social development. These aspects contribute to the social science and philosophy of sustainable development. These aspects have formed the backbone of dealing with the main areas that the world focuses on. As described by Brundtland mission, sustainability is a development aspect which meets the present needs with no promise of the future generations’ abilities in meeting their needs (Holden and Linnerud, p 175). Therefore the future has to be considered while making present decisions. The main two aspects include economic development ad environment aspects. Most people have had disagreements based on political ideologies regarding what is and is not economically sound. It has thus proven to be very problematic. The manner in which this aspect affects business, jobs and employability is also still a debatable issue. Economic development mostly deals with the process of how business incentives are provided in situations where such businesses and other organizations are supposed to adhere to the sustainable guidelines that are found beyond their normal requirements for legislation (Ellis and Moarif, p 11). This aspect also encourages and fosters incentives for an average person in which they are able to do their activities to the much they can. It’s seen that an individual may not achieve as much as a group would have because for some effects to be felt they have to be cumulative. The consumer nature of the supply and demand market has made the need for many resources in the modern life to be very high on a daily basis. From the environmental aspect what matters most is how we get whatever that needs to be consumed. Therefore if people are given whatever they want with no promise to the quality of life then this is referred to as economic development. This is more relevant in the developing countries where reduction in the financial burden and the ‘red tape’ of doing things right is still a big issue to deal with (Chan and Lee, p 249). For economic sustainability to be felt the human munity in the globe should be able to sustain their independence and gain access to the required resources as well as finances so as to meet their needs with ease. The systems of economy ought to be intact and all the activities be made available to everyone for instance their needs to be sources of livelihood that are secure enough. The economic sustainability is involved with ensuring that businesses in place are able to make profits and their operations do not in any way create environmental and social issues which are likely to harm the success of the business which may be envisioned to be long-term.   If any nation focuses on environmental and social issues the profitability of the economy will definitely flow. This is because most of the social initiatives tend to have a great impact on the behaviors of modity consumers as well as the performance of employees (Perrini, Russo and Tencati, p 291). On the other hand environmental initiatives like efficiency in energy supply and mitigation of pollution has a direct impact on waste reduction creating a good environment for the economy. Most people know what they need to do to protect the environment and especially from pollution. However the small things that have been neglected are some of key contributors to environmental pollution and thus loss in terms of sustainability. Such things like recycling, reduction in power consumption through switching off power when not in use, walking some short distances as opposed to using vehicles if assumed can lead to great environmental destruction. There are regulations for businesses in which they are supposed to keep the carbon emissions low as well as prevent pollution. Incentives exists which promote projects for installing power sources that are renewable in businesses and homes. This aspect is thus the main concern regarding the future of humanity (Dempsey, p 257). This aspect offers definition on how the environment should be protected and a lot of focus is placed on elements that seem to stress the environment. It’s concerned with how technology can be used to drive a future that is green. The developments that focus on biotechnology and technology are important to attaining environmental sustainability and thus protect the future environment from any damage that may be caused by technological advances (UNPF, p 7). To attain environmental sustainability ecological integrity has to be maintained. The earth’s environmental systems need to be kept in balance and the natural resources in the environment need to be consumed by human beings at a rate in which they can replenish themselves. The systems and activities in place should also be able to reduce the impact of the environment on the environment. When it es to the resources that are renewable the rate at which they are harvested is not supposed to exceed the rate at which they regenerate back (Maslow, p 58). In relation to pollution the rate at which wastes are generated from the ongoing projects should not go beyond the capacity for assimilation by the environment. In case of the nonrenewable resources their depletion requires the development of substitutes that are renewable. Such goals include zero waste by the organization, reduction in the use of plastic bags and ing up with initiatives that reduce carbon footprint through management of energy consumption (Ebner, p 8). Some organizations like Nestle have identified the main priority areas regarding environmental sustainability such as agricultural raw materials, water, packaging that is specific to their beverages and food and manufacturing and distribution. In relation to energy use Verizon pany has initiatives that aim at environmental sustainability like the recycling of tel equipment and reduction in energy use through provision of flexible working conditions at work, it has also worked on reducing   intensity in carbon and getting some more efficient solutions to its fleet that is eco-friendly (Jackson, P 21). Therefore this environmental aspect aims at acknowledging the necessity o f enhancing and maintaining the biophysical systems which sustain life with a focus on the natural ecosystem structure and the interactions which exist among them. Innovative ideas have contributed a lot when it es to ensuring sustainability is achieved in different sectors such as environment, economic sector and even the social sector. Such innovations include; innovation from new light technologies have invented air carbon which is a plastic material that is carbon neutral produced from greenhouse gases such as methane (Eurostat P 15). This is used in the packaging and furniture industries in which it matches oil based plastics both in performance and price. This innovation has helped solve the issue of non biodegradable nature of plastic bags. High energy savings have also been archived by the use of view intelligent window. This window regulates the light and temperature of the room in which it’s used. It’s been mainly designed for mercial buildings so as to eliminate the need for shades and blinds. Outerwall pany has recently introduced outerwallecoATM which is a network of recycling kiosks that are automated for the tech products (Jacobs P 36). Customers can easily follow simple steps and be able to recycle old tablets and phones and any other electronics and receive cash in exchange. Powwow energy is an innovation in which unnecessary losses of resources especially water are prevented. The powwow energy detects any water leaks from an irrigation system that is used in agriculture and informs the farmers immediately for repair. The Retroficiency software is designed to fight losses of energy in buildings. The data sets are used by Retroficiency to make suggestions on energy saving ideas for both businesses and homes. It works on the bination of both energy analytics and the models of buildings with the use of data that they get from the already existing energy audits to give out ideas relating to energy saving. The BioTrans system is used in restaurants where it’s installed to collect and grind any leftovers into a biomass that is homogenous (Jenks and Dempsey, P 175). There has been the invention of DessoThe AirMaster a form of carpet which is used to capture pollutant particles and fine dust from rooms thus providing healthier indoor climates. It’s made of recycled carpets and proves to be better than the hardwood flooring when related to prevention of allergies. From the discussion above its evident that sustainability is not just matters environment but in the many definitions of sustainability we are able to find the concerns about social equity and the development of the economy. It’s in this regard that the motivations behind sustainability are in most cases diverse, plex and personal. It is almost unrealistic for one to e up with a list as to why many people are working hard to achieve this goal. Thus sustainability in most cases boils down to the future the current generation is leaving for the next generation. These aspects of sustainability are therefore shared by many people who aim at demonstrating their importance in developing many policies. It’s therefore the duty of the people in today’s generation along with those of the future to create solutions that are adaptable and aim at fostering sustainability. When a pany chooses to define sustainability with the two aspects in mind then it’s easier to determine its own successful road that is sustainable. If any one of the aspects is weak or given less attention then the whole system of an organization may b e unsustainable since they are both interlinked.   Chan E, and Lee GKL. 2008. Critical factors for improving social sustainability of urban renewal projects. Social Indicators Research 85: 243–256. Dempsey N. 2008b. Quality of the built environment in urban neighbourhoods. Planning Practice and Research 23: 249–264. Ebner D. 2008. Assessing Corporate Social Responsibility in Industrial Firms: the CSR-Assessment. Pg 8. Montanuniversità ¤t Leoben Ellis, J. and Moarif, S., 2009. GHG mitigation actions: MRV issues and options. Draft for review. OECD/IEA Project for the Annex I Expert Group on the UNFCCC, Paris.pg 5-15 Eurostat, 2009. Measuring progress towards a more sustainable Europe. 2009 monitoring report of the EU sustainable development strategy. Pg 13-19. Office for Official Publications of the European munities, Luxembourg. Holden E, and Linnerud K. 2007. The sustainable development area: satisfying basic needs and safeguarding ecological sustainability. Sustainable Development 15: 174–185. Jackson, T., 2009. Prosperity without growth? Transition to a sustainable economy. Sustainable Development mission, London p 21. Jacobs M. 1999. Sustainable development as a contested concept. In Fairness and Futurity: Essays on Environmental Sustainability and Social Justice, Dobson A (ed.). Oxford University Press: Oxford; 21–45. Jenks M and Dempsey N. 2007. Defining the neighbourhood: challenges for empirical research. Town Planning Review 78: 153–177. Maslow, H.A., 1968. Toward Psychology of Being, 3rd Edition 1999. John Wiley and Sons, New York. Pg 55-61. Perrini F, Russo A and Tencati A. 2007. CSR strategies of SMEs and large fi rms. Evidence from Italy. Journal of Business Ethics 74(3): 285–300. UNPF (United Nations Population Fund). 2007. State of World Population 2007: Unleashing the Potential of Urban Growth. UNFPA: New York. Pg 4-10.  

Week 6 Discussion Questions and Participation Questions Essay

Week 6 Discussion Questions and Participation Questions - Essay Example As a manager of a business I would optimize the utility of my human resources by investing in education and training. When employees improve their knowledge and skills they are able to produce more. The company can offer its employees a yearly education expense retainer between $5000-10000 a year. The money would reimburse the employees for educational expenses which include tuition, books, and other materials. Training is an effective wait to transmit knowledge to a large pool of participants in a short period of time. I have participated in company sponsored training initiatives. These trainings have helped me become a better professional through the acquisition of knowledge. My opinion is that the benefits of growth out weight the costs. Americans citizens enjoy one of the highest standards of living in the world. Due to this prosperity millions of people come to the country legally and illegally in search of a better future for themselves and their families. China is an example of a country that has ripped the benefits of economic growth during the last 30 years. The economy of China has achieved double digit economy growth during the past three decades. There are some costs to economic growth. Humanity has to protect the environment and the natural resources. As a manager I would pay close attention to the concept of implicit and explicit costs. The most common implicit cost is opportunity costs. I would evaluate different alternatives or opportunities in order to determine which can increase the profitability of the company the most. Another concept from the article that I would use in my managerial career is that people response to incentive. To increase the revenues of the company I would sell the merchandise online. A price discount of 15% on online sales is a way to increase the revenues of the company. FedEx and UPS are having record high quarters – I would interpret that the economy

E-business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

E-business - Essay Example ainst this background, this report seeks to critically explore some of the measures that can be put in place by Friendly Supermarket which has underscored to transform from the traditional use of price tags at the tills while processing a transaction to a modern and sophisticated system that uses scans to detect the bar codes which in turn detect the product and its price. Friendly supermarket is developing this system from scratch and this report seeks to outline the major requirements as well as the benefits of adopting this new system to the top management of the group of supermarkets in Port Elizabeth. Revamping the traditional method of using price lists at the tills or price tags on all products as the only source of getting the correct price for the product at Friendly Supermarket requires a holistic approach since it will certainly bring about various changes to the infrastructure. The traditional method meant that more people would be on the floor sticking prices to each single product in the supermarket using the rivet stickers. However, the new system would see a dramatic shift from this traditional way to a sophisticated method aided by the use of computers and scanners. The major change to the infrastructure would be the introduction of computers in many departments including the till areas and these would be connected to a single server so as to ensure a smooth network. This would also require a system that is capable of holding large quantities of data and can process it at a tremendous speed so as to ensure effectiveness and efficiency compared to the traditional way of sticking price tags on each single product. This system would require all the bar codes on the products to be captured where all necessary details about the product would also be recorded. In this case, the name of the product, quantity as well as price would be recorded against the barcode of that particular product. Scanners connected to the computer servers in the supermarket

Land Economics and Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Land Economics and Planning - Essay Example The paper suggests and recommends some proposals to be followed in this scenario.More and more people from the rural areas are beginning to turn up in the urban areas for the better employment opportunity. This is the â€Å"pull† factor, which attracted people from the villages to come to towns and cities. Subsequently, there were also â€Å"push† factors in the form of change in land reforms and the development of capital-intensive techniques of agriculture. This has created an explosion of urban population in the recent years. As the population increased, the need for appropriate infrastructure to support these people became a necessity. It is a known fact that cities have traditionally enjoyed more economic advantages because the facilities for industrialization like transportation, communication etc. is available here. (Balchin, Isaac & Chen,2000, 2000; pp 1-6). The retail park to be set up will house various retail stores and supermarkets under one roof. This will lead to more employment opportunities for the people in the town. Various retail stores will open up in the area providing for more investment from the companies in the development of the town. As it will be set up in the heart of the town, that would mean the availability of communication from all parts of the town. Subsidiary industries will be opened up to support the new activity in the town. In short, the whole economy will get a facelift using land as a resource. On the contrary, the town center is one of the areas, which lies in the pivotal position of the town. It lends to the beautification of the area with greenery and parks. To set up a retail park would mean the destruction of these places, which are treasured by the citizens. The town will be devoid of the greenery. The construction of a retail park would also mean the setting up of various subsidiary industries, which would increase the pollution.  

Understanding and Promoting Children’s Development

Understanding and Promoting Children’s Development Sonja Eagle Here is a list of activities and the areas of children’s development involved: Climbing the ladder of a slide – Locomotive Skills- requires full body movements balancing on the ladder and at the top of the slide Gross motor skills- climbing Cognitive skills- how to climb the ladder Playing football in a team – Gross Motor Skills large limb movements. Cognitive skills – memory, problem solving and imagination e.g. playing the game, planning next move Moral development- choices and decisions (thinking of others and playing fairly) being a team player. Locomotive skills- walking, running Communication development- gestures, body language and communication Social and emotional development- acceptable behaviour Using a pencil to write their name and draw a picture- Fine Motor Skills – smaller more precise movements Cognitive development- memory, problem solving. Putting the pencil in the correct hand and knowing how to hold it. Using a knife and fork to eat a meal- Social and Emotional Development- social skills Fine motor skills – holding the fork and knife correctly Communication development- gestures, body language Cognitive skills- memory, problem solving e.g. putting the fork and knife in the correct hand. Expected Stages of Development Age Physical Development Cognitive Development Communication Development Social and Emotional Development Moral Development 0-6 months Simple movements waving arms and legs and rolls side to side and able to control head to follow people and objects. Language skills start to develop baby will begin to ‘babble’ which in fact is their new ability to listen, understand and recognize the names of people and the things around her. Pays more attention to human sounds than any other sounds. Babies will be laughing out loud anytime from two to four months and will giggle and kick her legs when being played with by four months. n/a 6-12 months Places objects into and out of containers Simple responses e.g. to sound, smell movement. Responds to own name. Becomes interested in mirror images. n/a 12-18 months Uses thumb and fore finger to explore objects, turns knobs and dials etc. Enjoys games such as peek -a-boo. Gets excited when sees a familiar face. Begins to show defiant behaviour. n/a 2-3 years Can make own vertical and horizontal and circular strokes with a pen or crayon. Able to match colours, some shapes and pictures. Uses pronounces, I, you ,me etc. Can take turns in games. Testing the boundaries. 3-5 years Becomes primarily left handed or right handed. Enjoys imaginative, co-operative and creative play. Able to follow instructions with more at least two elements. Understands the concept of same and difference. Capable of dressing and undressing themselves. They still expect adults to take charge, but instead of trying to avoid punishment, they follow rules because they want to be viewed as good. 5-7 years Copies triangles, squares and geometric patterns. Has opinions and can see others viewpoints. Speaks in complex sentences. Sometimes demanding and sometimes eagerly cooperative. Children can also feel bad when they are punished, because they can feel that they have upset someone else. This is because her morality is becoming empathy. 7-9 years Able to run and change direction accurately. Experimentation and creative activity. Vocabulary extends from 4000 to 10,000 words. Has needs for possessions and can be possessive. Children of this age have a strong sense of what they should do and what they should not do. 9-11 Years Improving bat and ball skills. Conversations develop, can express views and share ideas. Able to use more complex writing skills, longer sentences with adjectives, punctuation and conveying ideas with clarity. Greater awareness of others, feelings, needs, rights etc. Understand and value fairness, and perceive morality as a social contract in which rules must be obeyed in order to be liked. 11-13 years Facial hair, musculature, etc. and continued loss of milk teeth. Able to concentrate for extended periods of time and dislikes interruptions. Able to adapt language for different occasions, informal and formal. Developing strong opinions or beliefs which may lead to conflicts and arguments, may take longer to forgive and forget. Tries to weigh alternatives and arrive at decisions alone. 13-19 years Faster running and other physical movements such as, swimming ,diving, balancing etc. Develops specific interests and has competitive traits so enjoys showing off developed skills and abilities. Appreciates more sophisticated humour and wordplay. Clearer sense of cause and consequences of own actions. Greater awareness of complex issues that affect others e.g. religion, politics. Understands about rights and wrongs and consequences of actions. Experiences feelings of frustration, anger, sorrow, and isolation. A good overview of the expected patterns of development at different ages. Influences on Development How does foetal alcohol syndrome develop during pregnancy? Foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is caused when a woman drinks alcohol during pregnancy. The alcohol can cause birth and developmental defects to the baby. Alcohol can cross from the mothers blood to the babys blood by the placenta. Even a small amount of alcohol can damage the foetus. It is not known how much alcohol it takes to cause defects. The risk increases with moderate to heavy drinking, even social drinking may pose a danger. Any type of alcohol, including beer and wine, can cause birth defects. What are the signs and symptoms of foetal alcohol syndrome? The signs of foetal alcohol syndrome may include: Distinctive facial features, including small eyes, an exceptionally thin upper lip, a short, upturned nose, and a smooth skin surface between the nose and upper lip Deformities of joints, limbs and fingers Slow physical growth before and after birth Vision difficulties or hearing problems Small head circumference and brain size Poor coordination Mental retardation and delayed development Learning disorders Abnormal behaviour, such as a short attention span, hyperactivity, poor impulse control, extreme nervousness and anxiety Heart defects The classic symptoms of coeliac disease in children include: Failure to thrive Diarrhoea Muscle wasting Poor appetite Abdominal distension Lethargy Change of mood and emotional distress. Sickle cell disease includes: Fatigue Anaemia Swelling and inflammation of the joints Sickling crisis – leads to blood blockage in the spleen or liver. Sickle cell anaemia can also cause damage to the heart, lungs, kidneys and bones. Turner Syndrome occurs more often in girls, including kidney problems, high blood pressure, heart problems, overweight, hearing difficulties, diabetes, and thyroid problems. Some girls with the condition may experience learning difficulties, particularly in maths. Many have difficulty with tasks that require skills such as map reading or visual organization. short stature and lack of sexual development a webbed neck (extra folds of skin extending from the tops of the shoulders to the sides of the neck) a low hairline at the back of the neck drooping of the eyelids differently shaped ears that are set lower on the sides of the head than usual abnormal bone development (especially the bones of the hands and elbows) a larger than usual number of moles on the skin Edema or extra fluid in the hands and feet. Lack of vitamin/mineral Condition it may cause Signs and symptoms Vitamin B-1 Alcoholism Alzheimer’s disease Crohn’s disease Congestive heart failure Depression Epilepsy Fibromyalgia HIV/AIDS Korsakoff’s psychosis Multiple sclerosis Wernicke’s encephalopathy Loss of appetite Pins and needles sensations Feeling of numbness, especially in the legs Muscle tenderness, particularly in the calf muscles Depression Vitamin B-12 Reduced amount of oxygen in the body. Common symptoms include tiredness, lethargy, feeling faint, becoming breathless. Less common symptoms include headaches, a thumping heart (palpitations), altered taste, loss of appetite, and ringing in the ears (tinnitus). You may look pale. Vitamin C Crohn’s disease. Gingivitis Anaemia Bleeding gums Decreased ability to fight infection Decreased wound-healing rate Dry and splitting hair Easy bruising Gingivitis (inflammation of the gums) Nosebleeds Possible weight gain because of slowed metabolism Rough, dry, scaly skin Swollen and painful joints Weakened tooth enamel Vitamin D Rickets. Cancer Increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease. Cognitive impairment in older adults. Severe asthma in children. Vitamin K blood clotting Blood clotting, which means it helps wounds heal properly. Calcium Osteoporosis Hypocalcaemia Rickets Easy bruising, where the skin is thin. Lack of blood clotting may lead to a haemorrhage in an organ of the body which can be fatal in areas like the brain. Weakness of bones/brittle. Potassium Muscle cramps in arms and legs Constipation Muscle weakness Dehydration Fatigue Frequent urination Nausea Vomiting Fainting Magnesium Weakness Tiredness loss of appetite Numbness Tingling Muscle cramps seizures abnormal heart rhythms Sodium seizures muscle fatigue muscle weakness spasms/cramps of muscles Iron Anaemic Tiredness Frequent infections Frequent colds Pale, sickly Tiredness Inability to concentrate Poor achievements in sports Personal factors are within the child such as, their personality, their health and wellbeing, medical needs, learning difficulties, speech and language, sensory impairment, disability etc. Having a disability could affect their development as they may have low self-esteem, may be isolated and have difficultly socialising with others. External factors can have a huge influence on a child’s life; the main contributor to this would be poverty and deprivation, which can limit their social status with friends. An example of this may be no mobile phone or computer to keep in touch with friends out of school. Lack of funds at home could have a huge impact on transport and educational resources, which could mean that the child is delayed in academic achievement. There are a range of external factors these can include a lack of parental skills thus leading to abuse, neglect, and undernourishment. This would impact the child’s development as they do not have the guidance and support of the parent regarding progress through education. A Loss of a parent through divorce, separation and death can lead to a lack of basic nurture, because of depression or grief ruling their family life, due to little family support. The child would not have a strong support network which would hold back their development in education. Children develop at different rates therefore, the sequence of development is more important than the age of development. For example, babbling their first words. Milestones are a rough guide of this, as all children differ in their rates of development e.g. different children will progress at different rates, such as the reading ability in children, this may be different from the expectations of adults. Another example would be that puberty can differ from the age of nine to sixteen years in girls. We need to be aware that there are factors that influence these developmental stages and know how to address their impact. Parents and professionals e.g. health visitors, teachers and support staff etc. Play a key role in providing environments that encourage development, they also help to make the child feel confident and help boost their self-esteem throughout each stage in their development. The rate of development is the speed at which a child attains a particular development aspect. The length of time a child remains at a phase of development might be influenced by the difficulties they face. For example, a child with speech and language difficulties may remain at the stage of speaking in simple phrases. We cannot expect all children to develop at the same rate, we need to be aware that there are factors that influence these developmental stages and know how to address the impact. A key factor is working at an appropriate pace when supporting development. For example, a selective mute means that the child will be delayed in the comprehension of speech and language. Another example would be that a neglected child would have low communication ability and hold back. Children with a learning or physical disability may be exposed to prejudice or discrimination at school because they may be treated differently than the rest of the children. They may be bullied or teased by other students which will affect their self-confidence and in turn affect their learning ability and development. Disabilities are categorised in different forms i.e. learning or physical. Early Intervention is important for children in the long term, so that any delays in development are identified as soon as possible and support can be put in place. Good. Having a Key Worker working closely with the child, means they can identify the child’s needs and can highlight any delays or difficulties within a particular area of their development. Speech, language and communication delays are a good example for this as, this could result in the child being a social recluse and unable to engage with their peers. An example of this is Selective mute, a lack of confidence and less able to manage their thoughts could lead to them experiencing emotional problems. Behavioural issues caused by the inability to communicate could lead to frustration and aggression. Good point. For example; the child will find it hard to form a relationship with other children. A delay to literacy acquisition would lead to poor recognition of vocabulary and production of sounds. This would cause a delay in their development and make it more difficult to keep up with their peers. To identify specialist advice and involvement of parents/carers is paramount so that a structured programme of intervention (e.g. IEP) is put in place as soon as possible, so that all agencies can work together and give appropriate support as early as possible. References Drinkaware.co.uk. (2013). Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS). Available: http://www.drinkaware.co.uk/check-the-facts/health-effects-of-alcohol/fertility-and-pregnancy/foetal-alcohol-syndrome. Last accessed 26/01/2014. Parent further. (2013). Ages 6-9: Emotional Development . Available: http://www.parentfurther.com/ages-stages/6-9/emotional-development. Last accessed 26/01/2014. DR Richard Draper. (2012). Turner syndrome. Available: http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Turners-Syndrome.htm. Last accessed 26/01/2014. NHS. (2012). Vitamins and minerals. Available: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vitamins-minerals/Pages/vitamins-minerals.aspx. Last accessed 26/01/2014. Parenting counts. (2014). Developmental timeline. Available: http://www.parentingcounts.org/information/timeline/. Last accessed 26/01/2014.

The Hawk Essay -- English Literature Essays

The Hawk Essay Ted Hughes and Robbin Jeffers offer many similarities and differences in their poems about hawks. Although written using contrasting styles, the poems share numerous ideas and themes. These ideas include power against weakness, arrogance, and exultation of hawks as God ¡Ã‚ ¦s chosen ruler. Yet, Hughes and Jeffers show different attitudes towards hawks, one acting as a dictator of Creation, and the other as a defeated, but still respectable bird. The issue of power versus weakness is transmitted strongly in both poems. In  ¡Ã‚ §Hawk roosting ¡Ã‚ ¨, the hawk ¡Ã‚ ¦s image is captured in an authoritative tone, especially by the enhancement of first person view. The hawk ¡Ã‚ ¦s domination and power is highlighted in the poem by describing its supreme position above all in almost all aspects of its life.  ¡Ã‚ §I sit in the top of the wood, my eyes closed ¡Ã‚ ¨ conveys a sense of forceful peace, as if the hawk knows it holds so much power that it is fearless and can roost confidently without being attacked. To  ¡Ã‚ §sit in the top of the wood ¡Ã‚ ¨ also demonstrates a noble rank, resembling the king in the human royal monarchy. The line  ¡Ã‚ §I kill where I please because it is all mine ¡Ã‚ ¨ emphasises the power the hawk believes he holds, as if he has ownership over Creation. Meanwhile, all other creations made by God are symbols of inferiority, acting to serve the hawk and die when he chooses for them to die. For example,  ¡Ã‚ §Now I hold Creation in my foot ¡Ã‚ ¨ suggests tat he holds the trees limbs, a foundation of life, under his grasp. The manner in which he dictates the maintenance of law under his reign as seen in  ¡Ã‚ §My eyes has permitted no change. I am going to keep things like this ¡Ã‚ ¨ also conveys the idea that the hawk alone can overcome any other force. Similarly,  ¡Ã‚ §Hurt Hawks ¡Ã‚ ¨ also creates the issue of power against weakness. Despite the fact that the hawk ¡Ã‚ ¦s wing is injured and cannot fly,  ¡Ã‚ §cat nor coyote will shorten the week of waiting for death. ¡Ã‚ ¨ This illustrates how high the hawk is in the food chain and how domineering he is in nature.  ¡Ã‚ §At distance no one but death the redeemer will humble that head ¡Ã‚ ¨ emphasises again that the hawk rules the land, and nothing but death will claim him. In the final lines  ¡Ã‚ §but what soared; the fierce rush; the night  ¡V herons by the flooded river cried fear at its rising ¡Ã‚ ¨ shows the everlasting power of the hawk. Despite the loss of its... ...k, results in a highly negative image. For example,  ¡Ã‚ §there is no sophistry in my body. My manners are tearing off heads  ¡V the allotment of death ¡Ã‚ ¨ conveys a tone of malice and savageness. Thus the idea of hawk is critical. On the other hand, Jeffers admires the courage of the hawk in his poem. He describes the submission in the bird, and the agony if experiences since it is physically stronger than other creatures but is now powerless. There is a sense of pity and sympathy as Jeffers describes the internal strength the hawk tries to maintain. Admiration is depicted in  ¡Ã‚ §Beautiful and wild, the hawk, and men that are dying, remember him, ¡Ã‚ ¨ where he suggests that even men pay respect to the boldness the hawk possesses. These contrasting concepts of criticism ad admiration are responsible for the difference of ideas expressed in the two poems. Through analysing the poems in terms of these subjects, attitudes and themes, similarities and differences can be made. Whilst the idea of power against weakness, arrogance and exultation of hawk ¡Ã‚ ¦s role in creation is supported by both Hughes and Jeffers ¡Ã‚ ¦ poems, the impressions of criticism and respect towards the eagles are contrasting. The Hawk Essay -- English Literature Essays The Hawk Essay Ted Hughes and Robbin Jeffers offer many similarities and differences in their poems about hawks. Although written using contrasting styles, the poems share numerous ideas and themes. These ideas include power against weakness, arrogance, and exultation of hawks as God ¡Ã‚ ¦s chosen ruler. Yet, Hughes and Jeffers show different attitudes towards hawks, one acting as a dictator of Creation, and the other as a defeated, but still respectable bird. The issue of power versus weakness is transmitted strongly in both poems. In  ¡Ã‚ §Hawk roosting ¡Ã‚ ¨, the hawk ¡Ã‚ ¦s image is captured in an authoritative tone, especially by the enhancement of first person view. The hawk ¡Ã‚ ¦s domination and power is highlighted in the poem by describing its supreme position above all in almost all aspects of its life.  ¡Ã‚ §I sit in the top of the wood, my eyes closed ¡Ã‚ ¨ conveys a sense of forceful peace, as if the hawk knows it holds so much power that it is fearless and can roost confidently without being attacked. To  ¡Ã‚ §sit in the top of the wood ¡Ã‚ ¨ also demonstrates a noble rank, resembling the king in the human royal monarchy. The line  ¡Ã‚ §I kill where I please because it is all mine ¡Ã‚ ¨ emphasises the power the hawk believes he holds, as if he has ownership over Creation. Meanwhile, all other creations made by God are symbols of inferiority, acting to serve the hawk and die when he chooses for them to die. For example,  ¡Ã‚ §Now I hold Creation in my foot ¡Ã‚ ¨ suggests tat he holds the trees limbs, a foundation of life, under his grasp. The manner in which he dictates the maintenance of law under his reign as seen in  ¡Ã‚ §My eyes has permitted no change. I am going to keep things like this ¡Ã‚ ¨ also conveys the idea that the hawk alone can overcome any other force. Similarly,  ¡Ã‚ §Hurt Hawks ¡Ã‚ ¨ also creates the issue of power against weakness. Despite the fact that the hawk ¡Ã‚ ¦s wing is injured and cannot fly,  ¡Ã‚ §cat nor coyote will shorten the week of waiting for death. ¡Ã‚ ¨ This illustrates how high the hawk is in the food chain and how domineering he is in nature.  ¡Ã‚ §At distance no one but death the redeemer will humble that head ¡Ã‚ ¨ emphasises again that the hawk rules the land, and nothing but death will claim him. In the final lines  ¡Ã‚ §but what soared; the fierce rush; the night  ¡V herons by the flooded river cried fear at its rising ¡Ã‚ ¨ shows the everlasting power of the hawk. Despite the loss of its... ...k, results in a highly negative image. For example,  ¡Ã‚ §there is no sophistry in my body. My manners are tearing off heads  ¡V the allotment of death ¡Ã‚ ¨ conveys a tone of malice and savageness. Thus the idea of hawk is critical. On the other hand, Jeffers admires the courage of the hawk in his poem. He describes the submission in the bird, and the agony if experiences since it is physically stronger than other creatures but is now powerless. There is a sense of pity and sympathy as Jeffers describes the internal strength the hawk tries to maintain. Admiration is depicted in  ¡Ã‚ §Beautiful and wild, the hawk, and men that are dying, remember him, ¡Ã‚ ¨ where he suggests that even men pay respect to the boldness the hawk possesses. These contrasting concepts of criticism ad admiration are responsible for the difference of ideas expressed in the two poems. Through analysing the poems in terms of these subjects, attitudes and themes, similarities and differences can be made. Whilst the idea of power against weakness, arrogance and exultation of hawk ¡Ã‚ ¦s role in creation is supported by both Hughes and Jeffers ¡Ã‚ ¦ poems, the impressions of criticism and respect towards the eagles are contrasting.